After our three glorious days on the Nile Cruise, we woke up early to check out at 7am and headed to the famous Valley of the Kings, which I have been looking forward to since before the trip! The Valley is located on the West Bank near Luxor and is home to 63 Royal Tombs, including that of Tutankhamen. The reason these tombs were built into the mountains of limestone in this location was because the ancient Egyptians eventually stopped making pyramids because of grave robbers. They decided to hide tombs to make them harder for people to find, which is definitely the case because they are still discovering new tombs to this day! Those who worked on these tombs had to live in the West Bank to secure the fact that nobody would expose the location of these tombs.
The first Tomb we visited was that of King Thutmose III, which we learned was a very important king because he was the first King to say that he wasn’t a God, rather he was a human being just like everybody else (until Ramses II who said he was a God, an it seems to me he must have been very into himself!). His tomb was one of the most recent that was discovered. It was located much higher up in the mountains than the rest of the tombs, therefore it makes sense that it was harder to find. We had to climb up a number of stairs to get to this tomb, and once we entered we had to climb down into it. We learned that the Egyptians preferred building the tombs downward because it was as if they were closer to the underworld that way. This tomb was small compared to many others, but it was an interesting one because it looked a lot different than any other hieroglyphics we had seen; they weren’t carved into the stone, rather they were painted and looked sort of like stick figures. The sarcophagus was still inside as well which was cool to see. This sarcophagus was shaped like a cartouche (the object Egyptians wrote names in). Archeologists also learned about funeral ceremonies from this tomb.
Next we visited the Tomb of King Ramses III, which was much bigger that that of Thutmose and the colors were very intact. Because many of these tombs had been suffocated in the mountains for thousands of years, they were preserved in great condition. This tomb contained the book of the dead, which shows a scale measuring the heart of the king against a feather, and if the heart is lighter they will go to paradise. We also visited the tomb of King Ramses IX, which was very similar in size and had amazing hieroglyphics. This tomb wasn’t finished in time for the death of this king, so there is evidence that it was rushed. These tombs were much bigger than that of Thutmose III because they ruled for a longer period of time.
Finally we saw the tomb of King Tutankhamen. We learned that this is the second smallest tomb in all of Egypt, but is the most famous because it was so intact when it was discovered by Howard Carter in 1922. Inside the tomb we were lucky enough to see the mummy of King Tut as well as the famous golden sarcophagus everyone is familiar with! The reason his mummy was there was because there is a 5 year study being done on the mummy to see how they can better preserve it, so the mummy was incased in a glass box with a numberof sensors around the tomb. The scenes that surrounded the sarcophagus were pretty perfect and were also painted as opposed to carved inside the stone. Unfortunately we weren’t aloud to take pictures anywhere in the valley, but trust me, it was extremely cool.
Next we visited the Temple of Hatshepsut (or Deir el-Bahari, which means “Northern Monestery) who we learned was one of the most famous Queens in Egypt’s history. We learned that she was one of the first people to create a botanical garden in Egypt, and they know she did so with many imported plants from Africa. There are even remains of the trees she had in front of her temple from thousands of years ago!
After this we went to an Alabaster Shop. Alabaster is a popular stone that they have in Egypt and you can buy many statues and figures made of this material. We got to see some people hand crafting many objects, and some people even bought things from the shop. After this we had lunch with “home style” Egyptian cooking. The food was very good, but I wasn’t able to splurg because my stomach hasn’t been my best friend these days.
Finally we arrived at our next hotel, the Steigenberger Nile Palace Luxor, which is a very beautiful hotel, but no free Internet! (I will be on as soon as I can to finally post these entries) After check-in we went on a sailboat on the Nile for about an hour or so and it was very relaxing. We played games and sang songs and got to watch the sun set.
After we got back to the hotel, Professor Ghaly took us to a local market, which is 3km long! It was a really great market and they had everything I’ve been looking for. I got a bunch of scarves and shot glasses (yea Andrew and Liv I’m thinking of you!). It was really nice finally getting some gifts, but the merchants were crazy! They all made me smell their spices and they would chase me down the street if I didn’t want to buy anything from them! All I have to say is, window-shopping is IMPOSSIBLE in Egypt. If you stop and gander at ANYTHING, you will regret it if you’re not that interested! (Refer to Ben’s blog for specifics on occurrences in the market)
Once back at the hotel a bunch of us ate at an Italian restaurant in the hotel, which was awesome, and I immediately passed out when I got to my room. This trip is EXHAUSTING, but it’s worth the beating my body has been taking.
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